author(s)
Shashi Kumar and Balwant Meshram

abstract
The gross anatomy and histomorphology of pineal gland (Epiphysis cerebri) in Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) was studied in 12 samples of pineal gland. The pineal gland was located within the triangular space formed between both the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum. The average length and thickness of pineal gland were observed as 6.549 mm and 0.949 mm, respectively. Microscopically, the pineal gland was surrounded by a thin tunic of connective tissue. Lacunae facilitated the formation of different lobes. Blood vessel was visualized in the trabecular region. Two types of cells were differentiated depending upon their shape and the containment of chromatin material. Rounded pinealocytes and irregularly cylindrical shaped glial cells, the astrocytes were observed. Bulk of the pinealocytes was detected with four different type’s viz. P1, P2, P3 and P4. In respect of the astrocytes, depending upon the variability in size, two types of cells was observed as A1 and A2.