author(s)
Neha Kanojia and Shallu

abstract
The study was conducted on the breeding biology of feral pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in the breeding season from December 2018 to April 2019 in phullanwal and CT University, Ludhiana city. The study of pigeon’s breeding biology was done by searching the sites where the pigeons breed. In this project, nesting sites were spotted and on a regular basis, their different- different breeding parameters were recorded. Pigeons bred throughout the year, but the peak point is springs and summers rather than autumn and winters. The pairs of young birds started nesting 2-3 months later than the adult one. The average time of the pair's breeding season was 183 days. Pairs constructed the nest near human habitat but where human activities were not present. Pigeons laid their eggs in two clutch sizes and tooks 17-21 days for hatchings. Fledging time was 30-35 days or four weeks. Pigeons show their parental care till the fledging time by incubating the eggs and feeding the young ones. The aim of this research is to present feral pigeon breeding biology and various breeding parameters (i.e., mating, parental care, egg laying, hatching, feeding and fledging etc.)