author(s)
Ongtang Kupmei Phom, Kalyan Sarma, Rahul Singh Arya, SK Behera, Bedanga Konwar, B Saikia, Jitendra Kumar Chaudhary, JB Rajesh, H Prasad, Chethan GE, Hemen Das, Sikder Jabidur Islam and Prasenjit Debnath

abstract
Ascites is a common problem in dogs but due to the involvement of different etiological factors, the clinicians are facing lots of difficulty in therapeutic management. There is no detailed investigation carried out in Mizoram till today. Given this background and facts, the present study has been undertaken to know the role of the hepato-renal problem on ascites and its pathological changes in dogs. Study revealed that the incidence of ascites in Mizoram is 1.9% and 6 cases were confirmed as ascites due to the hepato-renal problem. The haemato-biochemical analysis revealed anemia, neutrophil leukocytosis, Hypoproteinaemia, Hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, hypochloraemia, hyperbilirubinemia, increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine level in all the ascitic dogs. Ultrasonography (USG) examination revealed anechoic areas mild to extensive suggestive of fluid accumulation along with floating of intestines and internal viscera, is echoic kidney cortex and medulla; enlarged renal pyramids with anechoic echo texture, focal hyperechoic and loss of echogenicity of hepatic parenchyma with increased size and distended gall bladder. Radiographic examination showed ground glass appearance with increased in vertical heart size (VHS). Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus tachycardia, atrial standstill and prolonged QRS duration. Echocardiography examination revealed increased left ventricular internal diameter at diastole (LVDd), Left ventricular internal diameter at systole (LVDs), left atrial to aortic ratio (LA: AO) and e-point to septal separation (EPSS) values and decreased interventricular septum thickness at diastole (IVSd), interventricular septum thickness at systole (IVSs), ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS). Histopathological examination revealed coagulative necrosis of liver, kidney and heart. From the study, it was confirmed that the involvement of hepato-renal dysfunction may responsible for the critical condition of ascitic patients.