author(s)
Archana Bharti, Yamini Verma and Amita Dubey

abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious and contagious disease caused by various strains of Mycobacterium worldwide. In an estimate, 2 billion persons or approximately one third of the world’s population are infected with contagious tuberculus bacillus among which 95 percent of cases occur in people of developing countries. However, it is estimated that only 10–12% of infections result in overt disease. The data gathered by World Organization of Animal Health stated that among 179 countries of world, more than half were reported with the presence of zoonotic TB in livestock and/or wildlife, demonstrating its wide geographical spread. In India bovine tuberculosis was found to be 14.31 per cent to 34.42 per cent. Researchers have proved that most of the active TB infections are curable with early diagnosis followed by appropriate treatment. The available conventional diagnostic techniques are useful but they neither rapid nor cost effective for early accurate and affordable diagnosis, represents a cornerstone to eradicate TB worldwide by 2030. However, current ongoing researches have confirm that TB detection via targeting disease biomarker and the development of new and cheaper tools for biomolecular recognition may circumvent the current limitations of diagnostic methods used in the global fight against TB.