author(s)
Aishwarya Sharma, Shahnawaz Ali, Prabhati Kumari Sahoo, Rupak Nath, Debajit Sarma and C Siva

abstract
Assamese kingfish is one of the important cyprinids endemic to the Trans-Himalayan states of southern Asia, with considerable subsistence fishery value. As such it plays a crucial role in local livelihood, food security and occupies a prominent place in the diet of the hilly populace with traditionally identified pharmacological benefits in treating smallpox, stomachache, urinary and digestive problems. The kingfish reportedly withstands a wide range of temperature and exhibits herbivores, but opportunistic feeding behavior. In recent times, it has been identified as a potential species for diversification in hill aquaculture. On the other hand, C. Semiplotum population is declining in its natural habitat due to overexploitation and related anthropogenic pressures. Presently, it has been classified as vulnerable in the IUCN red list of threatened species. In scientific terms, key questions regarding its breeding biology, culture aspects, and conservation measures remain unanswered. Considering all the above, we have summarized the outcome of various studies carried on this vulnerable species regarding its taxonomic ambiguity, ecology, behavior, growth, reproduction, nutrition, pharmacological benefit, fisheries, and conservation. Further, we have suggested future research directions to bridge the existing knowledge gap.