author(s)
CC Patel, Digvijay Singh, V Sridhar, Alka Choudhary, Ashish Dindod and SR Padaliya

abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate various doses of cow urine, i.e. 25, 50, 75 and 100 per cent in combination with neem oil 1% and neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% for its field bio-efficacy against insect pests of cotton during 2018-19. The experiment was conducted at Farmer’s field of Mujukua Village, Anand, Gujarat. Among the evaluated different doses and combinations of cow urine and biopesticides, cow urine 100% + neem oil 1% was found highly effective against aphid, jassid and thrips in Bt cotton. However, cow urine 100% + NSKE 5%, cow urine 100%, cow urine 50% + neem oil 1%, cow urine 50% + NSKE 5% and cow urine 75% were also found equally effective in reducing insect pests population during present investigation. The seed cotton yield was recorded higher from plots treated with cow urine 100% + neem oil 1% followed by cow urine 100% + NSKE 5%, cow urine 100%, cow urine 50% + neem oil 1%, cow urine 50% + NSKE 5% and cow urine 75% than other treatments. The lowest (1955 kg/ha) yield of seed cotton was recorded in plots treated with cow urine 25%.The treatment of cow urine 100% + neem oil 1% showed highest net gain over control and realization but, looking to the NICBR (Net Incremental Cost Benefit Ratio), the highest (1: 4.92) return was obtained from the treatment of cow urine 75% and the lowest (1: 1.30) from the treatment of neem oil 1%.