author(s)
Farrah Deeba, Anas Sarwar Qureshi, Abdul Rehman Kashif and Ijaz Saleem

abstract
Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) are a major source of cash for many rural populations, especially in semi-arid and arid regions of developing countries. This is considered as “black gold” of Pakistan. Even well managed animals harbor gastrointestinal parasites. Parasitic diseases are important because they cause high economic losses. The present study was conducted from October 2014 to January 2015 in different tehsils of district Khushab, Pakistan to determine the epidemiology of different gastrointestinal helminths in buffaloes in relation to age, sex and body condition of the host. Fecal samples of 369 buffaloes were examined. Data was subjected to statistical analysis through using chi square test and analysis of variance using SAS software., Statistical analysis revealed that 201 samples were found positive and prevalence of different parasites were recorded as 40.92%. The parasites were Toxocara vitulorum, (18.54%) Fasciola, (17.21%) Paramphistomum cervi, (6.62%), Oesophagostomum radiatum, (12.44%) Haemonchus contortus, (15.26%) Trichuris, (1.98%) Bunostomum (5.96%) and Ostertagia (17.88%.) Age wise prevalence was 32.03% and 46.34% in different age groups (>2 years and < 1 year) of buffaloes calf and adult buffaloes, respectively while sex wise prevalence was 42.5% and 39.71% in male and female buffaloes, respectively. Body condition wise prevalence was 23.63%, 36.34% and 58.99% respectively, in different groups (good, normal and poor).The study concluded that the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in buffaloes is very common in the study area irrespective of age, sex and body condition of the host. Usage of proper anthelmintics is strongly recommended to control the infections and to enhance buffalo productivity.