author(s)
Devender Kumar, Akshay Kumar, Pratyush Kumar, Chhote Lal Yadava and Sumit Prakash Yadav

abstract
Ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) is a condition that occurs when ovarian tissue remains inside the body after a female dog is spayed. This is the result of failure to remove some or all of an ovary during ovario-hysterectomy (OHE). Suggested reasons include surgical error, failure to remove ectopic extra ovarian tissue at the time of OHE and auto transplantation of ovarian tissue. This tissue can produce estrogen, triggering signs of heat in the bitch. Second cause of ORS was suggested as dropping of some ovarian tissue into the abdomen during the surgery. Most common clinical sign of ovarian remnant surgery is when a previously spayed bitch goes into heat. This can happen at any time after spay surgery, with interval of months to years. The affected animals might show typical proestral or estral signs such as vulvar swelling, sero-sanguineous discharge, attractiveness to male dogs, copulation and/or signs of false pregnancy. Diagnosis of ORS is not an easy case, by use of vaginal cytology, baseline hormone profile and ultrasound tool, it can be judged significantly. Only recommended treatment for ORS is surgical removal of the remnant tissue. Lifelong usage of megestrol acetate or mibolerone has been mentioned in the medical treatment of ORS.