author(s)
Sheikh Shubeena, A Hai, SA Hamdani, AH Akand, Sehrish Shafiq, KH Bulbul, SS Nisa, Subata Mahboob and Asma Irshad Qureshi

abstract
The present study was conducted in the Budgam and Ganderbal districts of the Central Kashmir and sampling was done from the two blocks from each district. A total of 120 respondents were interviewed based on snowball sampling technique. The farmers were found to adopt variety of the local plants, spices and age old techniques for managing various surgical conditions in animals. For treating wound and horn avulsion paste of salt and turmeric was used, Dandelion and Woods worm was used in strains and sprains, red clay and salt paste in treatment of abscess, kerosene and turpentine oil in case of maggots. The awareness of these ITKs was comparatively high among the people than the adoption. The cost of these ITKs was perceived to be low, healing was moderate and to prepare was perceived as easy by majority of respondents. The constraints faced by farmers in using the ITKs were less availability of raw materials, treatments based on hit and trail, decreasing faith on indigenous treatments etc. There is an urgent need to preserve the plants and other ingredients used as ITKs by providing adequate facilities for cultivation, preservation and utilization of ITKs.