author(s)
Mohit Husain, Jagdeesh Prasad Rathore, Anil Sharma, Azeem Raja, Injila Qadri and AB Waheed Wani

abstract
The primary insect and mite pests of pear are codling moth, pear psylla, mites and borer. Over the last 20 years, insect damage and the cost of control have risen substantially. Pear growers currently spend as much as $14 million annually on insecticides. Increasing costs associated with pest control including increased pesticide resistance, reduced pest management options and increased chemical costs have made pear production more challenging. The objective of an integrated disease management program is to provide a commercially acceptable level of disease control from year to year while minimizing the cost of disease management. For each orchard, a program needs to be developed that integrates all available control tactics. Accurate disease identification is critical in making smart disease management decisions. San Jose scale can infest apples, pears, peaches, and plums. While Cacopsylla pyricola is the most troublesome insect pest of pears and Codling moth is a serious pest of apples and pears. It is important for growers to recognize all stages of these insects and mites that attack pears. Proper identification is critical to making the correct management decisions. We have discussed most effective strategies to control these insect and pest through chemical, biological and cultural operations in pear growing regions in India. The main objective of this review article is earlier pest identification of pear crops.