author(s)
Prakash and Patil RR

abstract
Biology of the scale insect, H. imbricans was carried out in the Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture Dharwad under laboratory conditions on pumpkin in November month during 2013-14 and 2014-15. The incubation period ranged from 30 to 36 days. The first instar nymphal period varied from 28 to 32 days. The second instar nymphal period varied from 36 to 42 days. The third instar nymphs were fully white, nymphal period varied from 38 to 45 days. The fourth nymphal period varied from 43 to 48 days. The prepupal period varied from 8 to 11 days. The pre-oviposition period ranged from 29 to 35 days.The oviposition period ranged from 25 to 34 days. The fecundity ranged from 878 to 1024 eggs per female in the encrusted cups. The total life cycle of H. imbricans on pumpkin ranged from 97 to 118 days. However, the total life cycle from egg to adult female ranged from 198-245 days.