author(s)
M Anto Claver, Sanjana A Das and Dunston P Ambrose

abstract
In the present study, the percentage of pod damage was recorded higher on natural manure applied control plants (24.52) than urea (28.71), endosulfan (30.4) and mixture of both urea and endosulfan treated (23.5) plotted plants. The abundance of natural enemies was greater in natural manure supplied control plants (14.81) whereas it was significantly less in urea (7.31), endosulfan (2.75) and mixture of both urea and endosulfan treated plants (1.40). The highest re-sight of released Rhynocoris fuscipus was made in the natural manure treated plots (2.74) whereas a significant gradual decrease or total disappearance of R. fuscipus was recorded in the urea (1.37), endosulfan (0.05) and mixture of both urea and endosulfan treated plots (0.00). The estimation of grain yield showed that there was a sharp and steady increase seen in the chemical treated plotted plants compared with control. For instance, the grain yield was 859.41 kg/ha, 778.43 kg/ha, 937.6 kg/ha and 954.7 kg/ha for natural manure, urea, endosulfan and mixture of urea and endosulfan treated plotted plant, respectively; these values were not statistically significant (P=0.001).